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<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td class="t_f" id="postmessage_3620"> “茶花”主要病虫害及其防治<br /> <span style="display:none">' z( J0 E. Y) j" D7 {# E& y</span><br /> <span style="display:none">' z- n, _4 Q& U; \3 P</span> 蚜虫<font class="jammer">2 i! m/ D/ T7 }8 X5 O</font><br /> <font class="jammer">, N9 X% C3 V- L8 J</font><br /> 【形态与风险】蚜虫分有翅蚜虫和无翅蚜虫两种。有翅胎生雌蚜，翅透明，体黑褐色;无翅胎生雌蚜，无翅，体暗褐色。此外，若早外表与成虫相似，体无翅，淡黄色。成虫和若虫群集于茶花嫩梢上吸收汁液，使被害茶花的芽叶萎缩，发展受到严重影响。蚜虫的渗出物，能引起烟煤病。?<br /> <span style="display:none">7 `: x$ o5 Z7 b' F& d/ Y</span><br /> <span style="display:none">, P/ I3 v8 | X: _+ S</span> 【防治体例】<font class="jammer">8 P8 _' \) t" x7 P6 b2 |$ l</font><br /> <br /> <span style="display:none">/ R7 m5 f1 Z' b; T$ m</span> ①在蚜早发生盛期，用50%磷胺乳剂2 000倍液或50%乐果乳剂1 000倍液喷洒茶花植株<font class="jammer">1 G: {. j( e" r8 S</font><br /> <font class="jammer">$ b; w! J c6 Q. y3 _9 l</font><br /> ，每3～5天喷洒1次，持续3次，可覆灭蚜虫。②以烟筋0.5千克，生石灰0.25千克，加水10～15升，浸泡一日夜，过滤去渣后用以喷雾防治，其下场好。<br /> <span style="display:none">' ?1 }+ x; V; X1 H' g# n; K* }</span><font class="jammer">! d% x- b- o Z' H; ^5 u</font><br /> 蚧壳虫<font class="jammer">* N6 _& W# t# R1 \- c</font><br /> <font class="jammer"># g* ]. P/ p0 R/ m% s</font><br /> 【习性与风险】风险茶花的蚧壳虫种类较多，严重的有吹绵蚧、红蜡蚧、糠片盾蚧三种。蚧壳虫产卵量年夜，每只雌虫产卵可达千粒摆布，1年发生3～5代。年夜多是以受精的雌虫在枝叶上越冬，翌年3月份起头产卵为害，多集中在嫩枝和叶片上吸收叶液。受害叶片由绿色变为灰绿色，最后变为黄色，严重时枝叶上布满蚧壳虫，造成全株枯黄致死。其渗出物可诱发烟煤病。?<br /> <span style="display:none"> g$ v6 `4 B* A+ ?/ j' K6 M</span><br /> <span style="display:none">6 P% \2 a+ _' P# b# z% o</span> 【防治体例】①人工防治：此虫年夜年夜都成群集中，可在发生周期数目不多时，直接在枝叶上压杀虫体。②药剂防治：要抓住初孵若虫抗药力衰的特点，把握施药时代。成虫体有蜡质，防治下场较差。常用药剂有用松喷香和烧碱加水烧煮而成的松脂合剂该药液为黑褐色，首要含有过量的游离碱和松喷香皂液，对蚧壳虫体外蜡质笼盖物具有强烈侵蚀浸染，为防治多种蚧壳虫的有用药剂。一般冬季用10倍液，夏日用20倍液。还可用40%氧化乐果5倍液涂干。③改善茶花的通风透光前提，按捺蚧壳虫的发展和滋生。<br /> <span style="display:none">3 E5 t) f# d a) K/ {$ Q</span><font class="jammer">" f9 J. o ~. {6 y</font><br /> </td></tr></table> </div> <div id="comment_3620" class="cm"> </div> <div id="post_rate_div_3620"></div> </div> </div> </td></tr> <tr><td class="plc plm"> </td> </tr> <tr id="_postposition3620"></tr> <tr> <td class="plc" style="overflow:visible;--> width:100%"> <div class="po hin"> <div class="pob cl"> <em> </em> <p> <a href="javascript:;" id="mgc_post_3620" onmouseover="showMenu(this.id)" class="showmenu">使用道具</a> <a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow('miscreport3620', 'misc.php?mod=report&rtype=post&rid=3620&tid=3139&fid=4', 'get', -1);return false;">举报</a> </p> <ul id="mgc_post_3620_menu" class="p_pop mgcmn" style="display: none;"> <li><a href="home.php?mod=magic&mid=bump&idtype=tid&id=3139" id="a_bump" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.href)"><img src="static/image/magic/bump.small.gif" />提升卡</a></li> <li><a href="home.php?mod=magic&mid=stick&idtype=tid&id=3139" id="a_stick" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.href)"><img src="static/image/magic/stick.small.gif" />置顶卡</a></li> <li><a href="home.php?mod=magic&mid=close&idtype=tid&id=3139" id="a_stick" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.href)"><img src="static/image/magic/close.small.gif" />沉默卡</a></li> <li><a href="home.php?mod=magic&mid=open&idtype=tid&id=3139" id="a_stick" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.href)"><img src="static/image/magic/open.small.gif" />喧嚣卡</a></li> <li><a href="home.php?mod=magic&mid=highlight&idtype=tid&id=3139" id="a_stick" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.href)"><img src="static/image/magic/highlight.small.gif" />变色卡</a></li> <li><a href="home.php?mod=magic&mid=namepost&idtype=pid&id=3620:3139" id="a_namepost_3620" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.href)"><img src="static/image/magic/namepost.small.gif" />显身卡</a><li> </ul> <script type="text/javascript" reload="1">checkmgcmn('post_3620')</script> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr class="ad"> <td class="pls"> </td> </tr> </table> </div><div id="post_3621" ><table id="pid3621" class="plhin" summary="pid3621" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td class="plc" style="width:100%"> <div class="pi"> <div class="pti"> <div class="pdbt"> </div> <div class="authi"> <img class="authicn vm" id="authicon3621" src="template/zhikai_n5chengshiv4/images/ico_lz.png" /> 楼主<span class="pipe">|</span> <a href="space-uid-47.html" target="_blank" class="xi2">兰草小子</a> <em id="authorposton3621">发表于 2012-10-15 23:01:52</em> <span class="pipe">|</span> <a href="thread-3139-1-1.html" rel="nofollow">显示全部楼层</a> </div> </div> </div><div class="pct"><div class="pcb"> <div class="t_fsz"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td class="t_f" id="postmessage_3621"> 蛀茎虫<br /> <span style="display:none">$ g+ y0 _! b! L. {</span><font class="jammer">0 k; C: i0 f' e8 u( ]( E0 @</font><br /> 【风险状况】此虫首要风险茶花的枝梢。被害的枝梢初呈凋萎状，日久均枯死。一般在3～4月份首要风险春梢，在8～9月份首要风险夏梢。被风险的枝梢上有早孔和粪便排出物，枝条最终干涸。<br /> <span style="display:none">/ M# h- ~8 g: k</span><br /> <span style="display:none">, [/ ?- c; S4 b" T2 [</span> ?<br /> <span style="display:none">, D, W( L2 j( \</span><br /> <span style="display:none">9 i+ v# E8 o; ^2 s& K</span> 【防治体例】①剪除并集中烧失踪生有蛀茎虫的枝条。②可用灯光诱杀成虫。③在成虫成仙岑岭期，可用20%乐果乳剂500倍液或90%敌百虫1 000倍液喷洒;在幼虫期也可用90%敌百虫500倍液喷洒。<font class="jammer">/ m0 r8 a' g* u% u/ w+ H</font><br /> <br /> <span style="display:none">6 v. @0 [( Y0 r! r- ~0 X) E% L/ p</span> 黑刺粉虱<br /> <span style="display:none">; y9 o0 ^' H2 y5 X: s; M</span><br /> <span style="display:none">: C# D5 K4 I+ o8 b: |3 g O Q</span> 【风险状况】黑刺粉虱首要风险茶花叶片，吸收叶片的汁液，其渗出物可导致烟煤病年夜量发生，严重影响茶花的正常光合浸染，造成年夜量落花等现象。<font class="jammer">) U0 c2 Y9 Z b5 [" G7 {, |</font><br /> <br /> <span style="display:none"># W& n7 ^5 Q) d; Q, q8 {4 t' ?</span> ?<br /> <span style="display:none">& i6 I' c ~" }4 Z& ]; z</span><font class="jammer">2 v; M: E5 K% G' n1 F</font><br /> 【防治体例】①在冬季或初春，把有虫枝、叶剪除，并集中销毁，以除虫源。②在若虫孵化盛期，可用25%亚胺硫磷、50%马拉松800～1 000倍液喷洒;或用40%乐果、50%二臭磷、50%杀螟松10倍液喷洒;或用扑虱灵1 000倍液喷洒，7天喷1次，下场精采。 责任编辑：浴花人 <br /> <span style="display:none">$ B* w5 Y* p7 W; C. B</span></td></tr></table> </div> <div id="comment_3621" class="cm"> </div> <div id="post_rate_div_3621"></div> </div> </div> </td></tr> <tr><td class="plc plm"> </td> </tr> <tr id="_postposition3621"></tr> <tr> <td class="plc" style="overflow:visible;--> width:100%"> <div class="po hin"> <div class="pob cl"> <em> <a class="fastre" href="forum.php?mod=post&action=reply&fid=4&tid=3139&repquote=3621&extra=page%3D1&page=1" onclick="showWindow('reply', this.href)">回复</a> </em> <p> <a href="javascript:;" id="mgc_post_3621" onmouseover="showMenu(this.id)" class="showmenu">使用道具</a> <a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow('miscreport3621', 'misc.php?mod=report&rtype=post&rid=3621&tid=3139&fid=4', 'get', -1);return false;">举报</a> </p> <ul id="mgc_post_3621_menu" class="p_pop mgcmn" style="display: none;"> <li><a href="home.php?mod=magic&mid=namepost&idtype=pid&id=3621:3139" id="a_namepost_3621" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.href)"><img src="static/image/magic/namepost.small.gif" />显身卡</a><li> </ul> <script type="text/javascript" reload="1">checkmgcmn('post_3621')</script> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr class="ad"> <td class="pls"> </td> </tr> </table> </div><div id="post_3622" ><table id="pid3622" class="plhin" summary="pid3622" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td class="plc" style="width:100%"> <div class="pi"> <div class="pti"> <div class="pdbt"> </div> <div class="authi"> <img class="authicn vm" id="authicon3622" src="template/zhikai_n5chengshiv4/images/ico_lz.png" /> 楼主<span class="pipe">|</span> <a href="space-uid-47.html" target="_blank" class="xi2">兰草小子</a> <em id="authorposton3622">发表于 2012-10-15 23:02:36</em> <span class="pipe">|</span> <a href="thread-3139-1-1.html" rel="nofollow">显示全部楼层</a> </div> </div> </div><div class="pct"><div class="pcb"> <div class="t_fsz"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td class="t_f" id="postmessage_3622"> 茶梢蛾<br /> <span style="display:none"># u! s) a2 b5 c8 p" G& M</span><br /> <span style="display:none">1 T- H8 f; ]$ q3 p8 a% R, o</span> 【风险状况】茶梢蛾以幼虫风险茶花叶肉和蛀食茶花春梢，使被害的春梢逐渐枯萎而衰亡。?<br /> <span style="display:none">1 ?" Z$ t) P X% o</span><font class="jammer">6 o. f$ X, e, C3 m</font><br /> 【防治体例】①在成虫盛期，可剪除被害的叶片和枝梢，集中销毁，以覆灭害虫。②在幼虫风险时，可用敌百虫500～1 000倍液喷洒，或用杀螟松、氧化乐果等 1 000倍液喷洒，均可获得较好的防治下场。<br /> <span style="display:none">+ ]/ E d( |: D+ D</span><br /> <span style="display:none">" K9 O" Q# \! y' [) q# G" [1 c! C2 N% B, d</span> 茶毒蛾<br /> <span style="display:none">( k0 y( G' [: p5 W, T; A3 f z3 Z( u</span><font class="jammer">' F, d8 K, c; A+ D7 f( C</font><br /> 【防治体例】茶毒蛾幼虫以食叶为主。一、二龄幼虫有群集习性，多群集在茶花叶片后背，吃食下表皮和叶肉，而仅留上表皮与叶脉，使被害的茶花叶片成为半透明网状膜，不久即枯黄。三龄幼虫始食全叶，常群迁到树冠上部为害，同时吐丝结网。四龄幼虫食量逐渐增添，到五、六龄时幼虫食量年夜增，待吃完全株茶花的叶片后，即迁移至别处继续为害，厥后果很为严重。<br /> <span style="display:none">2 `' w# x9 f1 H: Y</span><font class="jammer">) J& T, l" y0 Z7 @7 x</font><br /> ?<br /> <span style="display:none">0 W: t! S- e" Y</span><br /> <span style="display:none">0 `! R$ ?2 D+ \6 q( m</span> 【防治体例】①在3龄幼虫之前进行防治，下场较好。②茶毒蛾一般以卵块越冬，可在冬季与初春采摘卵块，将其集中销毁，以覆灭虫源。为防止毒毛伤手，采摘前先在手上涂上番笕水即可。③可用氧化乐果、敌百虫、马拉松等1000～1 500倍液喷洒防治。④操作成虫的趋光性进行灯光诱杀。<font class="jammer">5 V9 l$ g* I. ]/ q! K</font><br /> <br /> <span style="display:none">/ U9 f$ W5 Y1 M0 ^</span> 潜叶蛾<br /> <span style="display:none">8 ^, M% }5 h; h: v/ l+ q: t</span><br /> <span style="display:none">+ J1 y! a) d1 S0 J$ b) z/ P6 J</span> 【风险状况】潜叶蛾以幼虫潜入茶花嫩叶和新梢皮下，进行蛀食，5月份起头风险，6月份虫害逐渐严重，到7～9月份虫害最为严重。被害幼叶的表皮呈现半透明花纹，被害新梢的表皮，呈现白色或半透明泡状。茶花植株发展不良，叶片扭曲脱落。<br /> <span style="display:none">' s) G' a- l& ~# O% D</span><font class="jammer">2 g6 r; ~5 d4 Z) e; R</font><br /> 【防治体例】①可用杀灭菊酯5000倍液、氧化乐果1000倍液，在虫害发生前后，持续喷洒3次，即可防治。②家庭盆栽茶花若有若虫为害，可用人工捕捉杀灭。<br /> <span style="display:none">6 p6 r7 C! i& N( f9 w! z5 H</span><font class="jammer">( ?& g# P4 \! w+ Y2 z; K( `</font><br /> </td></tr></table> </div> <div id="comment_3622" class="cm"> </div> <div id="post_rate_div_3622"></div> </div> </div> </td></tr> <tr><td class="plc plm"> </td> </tr> <tr id="_postposition3622"></tr> <tr> <td class="plc" style="overflow:visible;--> width:100%"> <div class="po hin"> <div class="pob cl"> <em> <a class="fastre" href="forum.php?mod=post&action=reply&fid=4&tid=3139&repquote=3622&extra=page%3D1&page=1" onclick="showWindow('reply', this.href)">回复</a> </em> <p> <a href="javascript:;" id="mgc_post_3622" onmouseover="showMenu(this.id)" class="showmenu">使用道具</a> <a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow('miscreport3622', 'misc.php?mod=report&rtype=post&rid=3622&tid=3139&fid=4', 'get', -1);return false;">举报</a> </p> <ul id="mgc_post_3622_menu" class="p_pop mgcmn" style="display: none;"> <li><a href="home.php?mod=magic&mid=namepost&idtype=pid&id=3622:3139" id="a_namepost_3622" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.href)"><img src="static/image/magic/namepost.small.gif" />显身卡</a><li> </ul> <script type="text/javascript" reload="1">checkmgcmn('post_3622')</script> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr class="ad"> <td class="pls"> </td> </tr> </table> </div><div id="post_3623" ><table id="pid3623" class="plhin" summary="pid3623" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td class="plc" style="width:100%"> <div class="pi"> <div class="pti"> <div class="pdbt"> </div> <div class="authi"> <img class="authicn vm" id="authicon3623" src="template/zhikai_n5chengshiv4/images/ico_lz.png" /> 楼主<span class="pipe">|</span> <a href="space-uid-47.html" target="_blank" class="xi2">兰草小子</a> <em id="authorposton3623">发表于 2012-10-15 23:02:46</em> <span class="pipe">|</span> <a href="thread-3139-1-1.html" rel="nofollow">显示全部楼层</a> </div> </div> </div><div class="pct"><div class="pcb"> <div class="t_fsz"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td class="t_f" id="postmessage_3623"> 茶尺蠖<br /> <span style="display:none">$ r3 t9 i) x5 x$ S- z( x</span><br /> <span style="display:none">9 O" q1 U; ^8 d; T- `' B. ]5 x</span> 【风险状况】茶尽蠖以幼虫咀食叶片为害。在其年夜发生时，可将茶花叶片、嫩茎吃光，严重影响茶花发展，使它无法进行光合浸染。?<font class="jammer">" U$ m; m l: F) _: Q% ] z/ \</font><br /> <br /> <span style="display:none">: i- u! J8 w7 _- f* b: Z n</span> 【防治体例】在3龄幼虫之前进行防治下场好。常用的药剂有90%敌百虫2000～4000倍液、亚胺硫磷800～1000倍液、杀灭菊酯2000倍液、辛硫磷1000倍液;敌敌累畏、氧化乐果、<font class="jammer">5 N, [* l2 `; F+ o1 H</font><br /> <br /> <span style="display:none">" \% Q. X7 o T0 P0 x; n</span>责任编辑：浴花人 </td></tr></table> </div> <div id="comment_3623" class="cm"> </div> <div id="post_rate_div_3623"></div> </div> </div> </td></tr> <tr><td class="plc plm"> </td> </tr> <tr id="_postposition3623"></tr> <tr> <td class="plc" style="overflow:visible;--> width:100%"> <div class="po hin"> <div class="pob cl"> <em> <a class="fastre" href="forum.php?mod=post&action=reply&fid=4&tid=3139&repquote=3623&extra=page%3D1&page=1" onclick="showWindow('reply', this.href)">回复</a> </em> <p> <a href="javascript:;" id="mgc_post_3623" onmouseover="showMenu(this.id)" class="showmenu">使用道具</a> <a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow('miscreport3623', 'misc.php?mod=report&rtype=post&rid=3623&tid=3139&fid=4', 'get', -1);return false;">举报</a> </p> <ul id="mgc_post_3623_menu" class="p_pop mgcmn" style="display: none;"> <li><a href="home.php?mod=magic&mid=namepost&idtype=pid&id=3623:3139" id="a_namepost_3623" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.href)"><img src="static/image/magic/namepost.small.gif" />显身卡</a><li> </ul> <script type="text/javascript" reload="1">checkmgcmn('post_3623')</script> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr class="ad"> <td class="pls"> </td> </tr> </table> </div><div id="postlistreply" class="pl"><div id="post_new" class="viewthread_table" style="display: none"></div></div> </div> <form method="post" autocomplete="off" name="modactions" id="modactions"> <input type="hidden" name="formhash" value="f6562100" /> <input type="hidden" name="optgroup" /> <input type="hidden" name="operation" /> <input type="hidden" name="listextra" value="page%3D1" /> <input type="hidden" name="page" value="1" /> </form> <!--[diy=diyfastposttop]--><div id="diyfastposttop" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> </div> <div class="wp mtn"> <!--[diy=diy3]--><div id="diy3" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> function succeedhandle_followmod(url, msg, values) { var fObj = $('followmod_'+values['fuid']); 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