食品节 发表于 2023-2-22 17:29:50

让我们穿越回八十年前的大理鹤庆

让我们穿越回八十年前的大理鹤庆白族

(作者 梁波)当我们穿越回八十年前大理鹤庆白族地区,市井生活,百态人生,感慨不已鹤庆县是云南大理州各县中最具有白族特色风情的地区之一。 鹤庆地区 明太祖洪武十五年设置为鹤庆府,属云南等处承宣布政使司,鹤庆府辖剑川、顺州(永胜西部)、蒗蕖(宁蒗南部)、永宁(宁蒗南部)、北胜(永胜东部、华坪)、兰州(剑川马登、兰坪)六州。清代,鹤庆仍为军民府,属云南省迤西道,仍辖有剑川、顺州。清世祖顺治十七年(公元1660年),改鹤庆明代分守金沧道衙署为大鹤丽永镇,清圣祖康熙七年(公元1668年)改为鹤丽镇直至清代结束。康熙八年(公元1669年),顺州全境并入鹤庆军民府。康熙三十八年(公元1699年),顺州划归永北直隶厅。清世宗雍正五年(公元1727年),丽江木氏土知府原管辖的中甸厅、维西厅划归鹤庆军民府跨丽江军民府管辖。清高宗乾隆二十二年(公元1757年),中甸(今香格里拉)、维西划还丽江军民府管辖。乾隆三十六年(公元1771年),降鹤庆军民府为鹤庆州,与所属剑川州一并划归丽江军民府。中华民国二年(公元1913年),改鹤庆州为鹤庆县,6月,划属腾越道。民国18年(公元1929年),废除道,直属于省。民国33年(公元1944年),属丽江行政督察专区。民国37年(公元1948年),丽江行政督察专署移驻鹤庆。改为鹤庆行政督察专区,下辖鹤庆、丽江、剑川、永胜、华坪、宁蒗、中甸、维西、兰坪、碧江(今划其地分属福贡、泸水)、福贡、贡山等县。民国38年(公元1949年)初,专署复移丽江,鹤庆县仍属其下辖县之一。

食品节 发表于 2023-2-22 17:30:15

<div align="left"><font color="rgb(64, 64, 64)"><font face="Arial, &quot;"><font style="font-size: 18px">当我们穿越回八十年前鹤庆,当时的市井生活百态人生,让你感慨不已。</font></font></font></div><p style="line-height: 20px; text-indent: nullem; text-align: center;"><font color="rgb(102, 102, 102)"><font face="Arial, &quot;"><font style="font-size: 16px"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F0220%2Fe4cb4785j00rqdov3000wc000hs00ayg.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg" border="0" alt="" style="max-width:400px"><br><br></font></font></font></p><div align="left"><font color="rgb(64, 64, 64)"><font face="Arial, &quot;"><font style="font-size: 18px">1、赶马,当时鹤庆商帮是整个滇西三大商帮之一。赶马与商帮运输有联系的,在过去主要有马帮。民国时期鹤庆“境内有名的马帮有恒盛公商号,庆成号和杨之光,阿十妹等。”笔者调查后,恒盛公商号马帮的马最多,百匹的两队,庆成号是革命烈士鲍品良在康定、阿墩子一带营商的商号,有马并不多。杨之光、杨渭光昆仲是花树村的,经亲自访问后人,马各自只有三四十匹。至于阿十妹,早期随杨之光昆仲赶马,后期自有的马最多只是近二十匹,但他们是著名的马锅头,需出门承运时,马户又赶着马一同入伙前往。据《农村自治实验记》记载:民国22年,逢密街赶马的有李玉光等七家。鹤庆商韩除雇请本地马帮外,还大量雇用藏族马帮和水北(永胜)马帮驮运货物。鹤庆县城打铁巷原泥工社、木综社等即为永北会馆旧址,是永胜赶马人的会所。</font></font></font></div><p style="line-height: 20px; text-indent: nullem; text-align: center;"><font color="rgb(102, 102, 102)"><font face="Arial, &quot;"><font style="font-size: 16px"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F0220%2F0b889a4dj00rqdov3000vc000hs00ayg.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg" border="0" alt="" style="max-width:400px"><br><br></font></font></font></p><div align="left"><font color="rgb(64, 64, 64)"><font face="Arial, &quot;"><font style="font-size: 18px">2、渡船:当时鹤庆渡船有关金沙江鹤庆中江、朵美的渡口等,志书有记载在此不再赘述。期中涉及到的撑船,据崔亮乾老师讲述,其祖父原为永胜太极人,祖上世代撑船为业,民国初,应中江士绅邀请,定居江东,仍以撑船为业。</font></font></font></div><p style="line-height: 20px; text-indent: nullem; text-align: center;"><font color="rgb(102, 102, 102)"><font face="Arial, &quot;"><font style="font-size: 16px"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F0220%2F72fc6f7cj00rqdov40020c000hs00bog.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg" border="0" alt="" style="max-width:400px"></font></font></font></p><br>

食品节 发表于 2023-2-22 17:30:34

<div class="quote"><blockquote><span style="font-size: 18px; font-family: Arial, &quot;&quot;; color: rgb(64, 64, 64); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">3、行脚,勤劳善良的白族妇,常随马帮背货外出,著名女马锅头阿十妹早年也从事背运货物,故滇西俚语:”讨个鹤庆婆,好比骡子驮”。另据鹤庆县音乐戏剧家协会理事戴锐英说,其祖母曾随商队把鹤庆火腿背到昆明去卖。</span></blockquote></div><p style="line-height: 20px; text-indent: nullem; text-align: center;"><font color="rgb(102, 102, 102)"><font face="Arial, &quot;"><font style="font-size: 16px"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F0220%2F6e3bcbebj00rqdov4001sc000hs00dcg.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg" border="0" alt="" style="max-width:400px"><br><br></font></font></font></p><div align="left"><font color="rgb(64, 64, 64)"><font face="Arial, &quot;"><font style="font-size: 18px">4、糖果,传统生产麦芽糖、糖稀、酥合糖、芝麻糖、核桃糖、豆面糖等,至今仍以辛屯逢密从业者多,民国时,杨姓艺人从四川到羊毛村定居,制作各式特果。赵姓艺人从四川到鹤庆定居花树村白姐庙,制作糖果,其子赵学谦为考古学家,续修县志有传。</font></font></font></div><p style="line-height: 20px; text-indent: nullem; text-align: center;"><font color="rgb(102, 102, 102)"><font face="Arial, &quot;"><font style="font-size: 16px"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F0220%2F382b7b22j00rqdov5000yc000hs00dcg.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg" border="0" alt="" style="max-width:400px"><br></font></font></font></p><br>

食品节 发表于 2023-2-22 17:30:56

<div align="left"><font color="rgb(64, 64, 64)"><font face="Arial, &quot;"><font style="font-size: 18px">5、行医,行医和经营草药业者,鹤庆相比于邻近各县,人数略多。根据《化龙村史略》的记载,民国初期该村有吴信其,张靖吾等名西医,中医较有名的则有吴鉴堂、吴有林:张寿彭、张子阳、朱子中、张受典、来国翼、张玉书、张家翼、张子霄等十人,可以称得上是“医生村”了,此外鹤庆甸南白族名医赵以中长期在昆明执业,鹤城有笔者的祖父梁蒸云(号炼石庐山人)等名医,不再在此一一枚举。过去,鹤城经商外地的人多,长途归来,有专门的中医师在腿上糊上面浆、涂上药膏来调理的业务。民国时,北门外有名医杨映楼在丽江七河开办中医诊所,柏寺村杨春富在丽江开办中医诊所。此外,县内其他名医有杨承汉、张秉国、张焕文、钟琼山、朱子白等。志书中记载的名医名录也很多。</font></font></font></div><p style="line-height: 20px; text-indent: nullem; text-align: center;"><font color="rgb(102, 102, 102)"><font face="Arial, &quot;"><font style="font-size: 16px"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F0220%2Fbd9aa3f5j00rqdov60013c000hs00bgg.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg" border="0" alt="" style="max-width:400px"><br><br></font></font></font></p><div align="left"><font color="rgb(64, 64, 64)"><font face="Arial, &quot;"><font style="font-size: 18px">6、客栈,民国时期鹤庆县城有李暾谷家的客栈(今文化馆)、向之柱家的客栈(今北门廉租房)等。马店,东门外彭姓马店,开办至1990年前后,后人彭智红与我为好友。</font></font></font></div><p style="line-height: 20px; text-indent: nullem; text-align: center;"><font color="rgb(102, 102, 102)"><font face="Arial, &quot;"><font style="font-size: 16px"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F0220%2F5ea551adj00rqdov8001bc000hs00bqg.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg" border="0" alt="" style="max-width:400px"><br><br></font></font></font></p><div align="left"><font color="rgb(64, 64, 64)"><font face="Arial, &quot;"><font style="font-size: 18px">7、小炉匠,小炉匠是鹤庆历史上从业人数较多,且是鹤庆标志性的农村副业。以南河、柳绿河等村最为有名,松桂街也有两户从业。历史上鹤庆小炉匠足迹遍布西南五省及邻近国家,收揽的活路有焙镰刀锄头、加钢、售卖三方亮灯罩、制作宫花、制作钉子、农具、拼接玉镯、给金银首饰錾花等。小炉匠挑着风箱、工具箱走村串寨,体现了鹤庆白族人民勤劳善良的优秀本质。过去坡头邑、北翼村因从事小炉匠的人多,在文昌宫里塑有太上老君,小炉匠为此一年一度举办老君会。笔者的孝感村外祖父杨正芳、杨树芳昆仲二人生前都从事过小炉匠。</font></font></font></div><p style="line-height: 20px; text-indent: nullem; text-align: center;"><font color="rgb(102, 102, 102)"><font face="Arial, &quot;"><font style="font-size: 16px"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F0220%2Fa919e9c2j00rqdov80012c000hs00dng.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg" border="0" alt="" style="max-width:400px"><br></font></font></font></p><br>

食品节 发表于 2023-2-22 17:31:16

<div align="left"><font color="rgb(64, 64, 64)"><font face="Arial, &quot;"><font style="font-size: 18px">8、酿酒,即酿鹤庆乾酒,民国《鹤庆县志》载:“行销最广者酒,城西门一带所酿尤佳。”以华、余、陶、杨、蒋等八姓尤为有名,过去从业有多为妇女。北门街杨姓铺扳上“开张鸿发(横排,景星庆云(签排)”八字木刻,据房主杨志明讲述,为其祖上生产销商鹤庆乾酒铺房。</font></font></font></div><p style="line-height: 20px; text-indent: nullem; text-align: center;"><font color="rgb(102, 102, 102)"><font face="Arial, &quot;"><font style="font-size: 16px"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F0220%2F3ccb5453j00rqdova001ec000hs00bvg.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg" border="0" alt="" style="max-width:400px"><br><br></font></font></font></p><div align="left"><font color="rgb(64, 64, 64)"><font face="Arial, &quot;"><font style="font-size: 18px">9、炼铅,北衙一带,民国初年以古代炼银炉渣提铅,有杨国材及菜园村宋长龄(名天佑)等。</font></font></font></div><div align="left"><font color="rgb(64, 64, 64)"><font face="Arial, &quot;"><font style="font-size: 18px">1</font></font></font></div><p style="line-height: 20px; text-indent: nullem; text-align: center;"><font color="rgb(102, 102, 102)"><font face="Arial, &quot;"><font style="font-size: 16px"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F0220%2F92498698j00rqdovb0019c000hs00brg.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg" border="0" alt="" style="max-width:400px"><br></font></font></font></p><br>

食品节 发表于 2023-2-22 17:31:31

<div align="left"><font color="rgb(64, 64, 64)"><font face="Arial, &quot;"><font style="font-size: 18px">10、炼铁制锅,以彭屯、菜园、吴家庄、舍茶寺等村人为主经营。关于银匠、铁锅、铜匠等,历史上难以计数。民国时期以北门街名商张子纯长子等二户及菜园朱姓铸锅尤为有名。</font></font></font></div><p style="line-height: 20px; text-indent: nullem; text-align: center;"><font color="rgb(102, 102, 102)"><font face="Arial, &quot;"><font style="font-size: 16px"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F0220%2Fe4e4189dj00rqdovc001tc000hs00jpg.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg" border="0" alt="" style="max-width:400px"><br><br></font></font></font></p><div align="left"><font color="rgb(64, 64, 64)"><font face="Arial, &quot;"><font style="font-size: 18px">11、炼铜,在西区眠龙洞山,清末记名提督杨建勋将军开采,其它开矿者较零星、但前后涉及人多。</font></font></font></div><p style="line-height: 20px; text-indent: nullem; text-align: center;"><font color="rgb(102, 102, 102)"><font face="Arial, &quot;"><font style="font-size: 16px"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F0220%2F5d2edd1fj00rqdovc0015c000hs00hqg.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg" border="0" alt="" style="max-width:400px"></font></font></font></p><br>

食品节 发表于 2023-2-22 17:31:47

<div align="left"><font color="rgb(64, 64, 64)"><font face="Arial, &quot;"><font style="font-size: 18px">12、倒(铸)糖马、鸡,民国时北门街廖姓颇为有名。</font></font></font></div><p style="line-height: 20px; text-indent: nullem; text-align: center;"><font color="rgb(102, 102, 102)"><font face="Arial, &quot;"><font style="font-size: 16px"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F0220%2F2a2c8147j00rqdovc001fc000hs00btg.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg" border="0" alt="" style="max-width:400px"><br><br></font></font></font></p><div align="left"><font color="rgb(64, 64, 64)"><font face="Arial, &quot;"><font style="font-size: 18px">13、造纸,民国时主产地为松桂龙珠、六合大甸、犹龙、灵地、中江的江东、金江,城郊的南翼村。牌号有天水、宏农等。《云南掌故》说:“滇黔之绵纸,是一产于滇西鹤庆,一产于粉南兴义,而每年出产数量之巨,各能有二、三千驮运出。”正和号,抗战时,龙珠村民尹相卿造纸牌号,现在其孙尹旺松继承祖业,成为省级非遗传人,产品种类多,精品有书画笺、鲜花笺等。</font></font></font></div><p style="line-height: 20px; text-indent: nullem; text-align: center;"><font color="rgb(102, 102, 102)"><font face="Arial, &quot;"><font style="font-size: 16px"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F0220%2F1a11ef9ej00rqdovd001ec000hs00f4g.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg" border="0" alt="" style="max-width:400px"><br></font></font></font></p><br>

食品节 发表于 2023-2-22 17:32:08

<p id="1J193NCH" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 34px; margin-bottom: 34px; text-align: justify; color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-family: Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, STHeiti, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">14、印刷,民国时有“边疆文化服务部”,以石印机印刷。李天师家印木刻版春牛图,菜园赵姓、毛姓、李姓、周姓、洪姓用木版印甲马纸、请柬者也较多。此外,庆华石印也很有名。</p><p class="f_center" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 34px; margin-bottom: 34px; text-align: center; line-height: 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, STHeiti, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif;"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F0220%2Fa25c1c94j00rqdovd001gc000hs00hzg.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg" style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px;"><br style="box-sizing: inherit;"><br style="box-sizing: inherit;"></p><p id="1J193NCK" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 34px; margin-bottom: 34px; text-align: justify; color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-family: Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, STHeiti, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">15、作醋,鹤庆醋色黑如黑褐色,故名漆醋,民国时酿醋户因加入中药香料,又有香醋之誉。西门街华湘平、北门街李惠清均以小甑香醋闻名。1991年版县志说民国有赵小兰、鲍氏等也较有名。</p><p class="f_center" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 34px; margin-bottom: 34px; text-align: center; line-height: 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, STHeiti, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif;"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F0220%2F8ea309d9j00rqdove0014c000hs00ceg.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg" style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px;"><br style="box-sizing: inherit;"></p><p></p>

食品节 发表于 2023-2-22 17:32:29

<p id="1J193NCN" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 34px; margin-bottom: 34px; text-align: justify; color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-family: Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, STHeiti, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">16、瓷器,民国时三庄、太平、栗本箐等生产各种各式瓷器,其中还有一种最具特色的瓷哨,可惜现在已无烧制传承了。</p><p class="f_center" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 34px; margin-bottom: 34px; text-align: center; line-height: 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, STHeiti, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif;"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F0220%2F996cadc3j00rqdove001tc000hs00gvg.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg" style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px;"><br style="box-sizing: inherit;"><br style="box-sizing: inherit;"></p><p id="1J193NCQ" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 34px; margin-bottom: 34px; text-align: justify; color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-family: Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, STHeiti, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">17、煤,民国初年,法国人米莱士到鹤庆马厂、宣化关一带进行私自勘查,鹤商部分随之介入开采办厂。</p><p class="f_center" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 34px; margin-bottom: 34px; text-align: center; line-height: 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, STHeiti, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif;"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F0220%2F74e45d51j00rqdove000uc000hs00awg.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg" style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px;"><br style="box-sizing: inherit;"></p><p></p>

食品节 发表于 2023-2-22 17:32:48

<p id="1J193NCT" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 34px; margin-bottom: 34px; text-align: justify; color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-family: Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, STHeiti, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">18、织布,在已故的潘寿山、熊元正诸老文中多有涉及。鹤庆土布幅宽1尺寸,1丈6尺等规格。潘寿山在《鹤庆织布业兴衰概略》中说“民国十年,继丁氏之后,鲍春光、段启鹏、夏嵩高先后在南门、东门开设机房,雇请工人,开动木机各有20至30架不等。民国25年,云鹤镇开动木机890架,平均每两户就有一架,日产土布900疋。”又据《鹤庆文史资料》第一辑载:“后期,呈德祥(施博夫)、段启鹏、段建石几家又引进小铁机织布。”鹤庆土布质量好,闻名各地,民间说:“鹤庆布破一洞,洋布破一路,破一洞犹可缝,破一路不可缝”。除织布外,鹤庆城里还有传统以从事织袜的人家,如中共地下党鹤庆工委书记李慈家,就从事了数代人,织布、织袜业的兴盛,还带动了染布业的兴盛,下庄赵宗本就讲过他父亲曾从事染布业。此外,鲍兴祥(云运代的岳父),以织梭罗布(哈达)驰名藏区各地。</p><p class="f_center" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 34px; margin-bottom: 34px; text-align: center; line-height: 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, STHeiti, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif;"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F0220%2Fba0bd97fj00rqdovf000uc000hs00bmg.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg" style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px;"><br style="box-sizing: inherit;"><br style="box-sizing: inherit;"></p><p id="1J193ND0" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 34px; margin-bottom: 34px; text-align: justify; color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-family: Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, STHeiti, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">19、卷烟,民国23年(1934年),惜阴店文具店老板杨继之首创明星牌纸烟,持续仅一两年。民国30年(1941年),府东梁克明(梁起白胞弟,曾为我祖父的嗣子,我的族伯)兴办手工卷制国光牌纸烟,产销日盛。民国32年(1943年),云鹤镇卷烟户达21户,从业人员400多人,其中雇佣工人300多人,纸烟牌号有30多个,远销邻近十多个县,主要牌号有张伯高的赛外来,梁克明(笔者的族伯父)的国光,舒自如的金人美,每户日产 100 条以上。香格里拉退休回来已故的阮光裕老人撰《兴盛一时的手工卷烟业》中说,烟叶经过炼选等十多道工序后,还加入中药配料。这也就是当时鹤庆卷烟业兴盛的秘密之所在。烟叶除县内农户产外,主要引进永北(永胜)草烟烟叶。又据舒展老师讲述,其祖父舒栋泽用四川金潭烟叶卷制的纸烟,牌号叫川香、天天香两种。</p><p class="f_center" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 34px; margin-bottom: 34px; text-align: center; line-height: 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, STHeiti, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif;"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F0220%2F127e21acj00rqdovf000rc000hs00b7g.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg" style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px;"><br style="box-sizing: inherit;"></p><p></p>

食品节 发表于 2023-2-22 17:33:08

<p id="1J193ND3" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 34px; margin-bottom: 34px; text-align: justify; color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-family: Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, STHeiti, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">20、制茶,鹤庆商人从滇南买进散茶,运抵鹤庆再经过炒香、发酵、压模加工成紧茶,可能至迟在乾隆年间即已出现。《舒氏族谱》中说 1870 年的“同兴茶山”商号即谓茶多如山,该号立总号于鹤庆,在丽江、大理、中甸设立分庄。从商业路线上看,即是在鹤庆加工然后销往藏区的紧茶为主要产品。此外,民国前期,福春恒也在下 关开办大茶厂加工川庄、藏庄两款紧茶。又据闵尔浩先生介绍,他祖父闵寿徽早年创制紧茶品牌,曾畅销到印度及国内西藏。闵姓经商历史悠久,闵尔浩的哥哥闵尔骞是鹤庆早期中共地下党员。笔者的父亲读中学时,假期曾到闵家的布行做过伙计。民国时,鹤庆商人庆顺丰商号,在鹤庆南门外有茶厂名复云茶厂,最多时有工人200多。1949 年,鲍姓族人合资购得复云茶厂做宗祠。未几,逢解放了。此外,还有福兴昌商号等。另据鹤庆地方学者章天柱先生文《茶马古道上的五大茶庄》的记载,鹤庆商人民国时有鸿盛昌、恒盛公、义兴公、怡怡、福云五大茶庄。关于鸿盛昌、恒盛公、怡怡的资料,在笔者的另外几篇文稿中已有叙述,仅就章天柱老师对义兴公和福云的材料节录如下,章老师文中说:“义兴茶庄是潘沙周于1930年在西藏拉萨组建的,在中甸、成都设立分号,在鹤庆、下关开办茶厂,专营自产的“格桑牌”紧茶。福云茶庄是朱靖卿于 1930 年在鹤庆创办的,在下关、昆明,西藏、丽江、康定、香港等地设有分号。”对这两项的记载,笔者在此姑置一说,详情待考。</p><p class="f_center" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 34px; margin-bottom: 34px; text-align: center; line-height: 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, STHeiti, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif;"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F0220%2Fb35de99bj00rqdovf001hc000hs00dvg.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg" style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px;"><br style="box-sizing: inherit;"><br style="box-sizing: inherit;"></p><p id="1J193ND6" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 34px; margin-bottom: 34px; text-align: justify; color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-family: Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, STHeiti, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">21、饮食,建国迄今六十多年,鹤庆传统小吃中的糖糟、糍粑等现在已经很少见了。在民国时,鹤庆县城有特色的饮食举如:阿元孃的全猪扒肉饵丝(据王家珉老师讲述);董家劲道最强,久煮不碎不烂的米线(据杨金林先生讲述);周家的全羊三滴水,集凉拌、炒、炖、卤各款共三十多道菜(二十多年前,陶天才老人仍传承着部分做法);北门街杨和氏的油煎带火烤的粑粑等,现在已趋于失传。</p><p class="f_center" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 34px; margin-bottom: 34px; text-align: center; line-height: 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, STHeiti, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif;"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F0220%2F42365dc2j00rqdovg001pc000hs00i2g.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg" style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px;"><br style="box-sizing: inherit;"></p><p></p>

食品节 发表于 2023-2-22 17:33:30

<p id="1J193ND9" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 34px; margin-bottom: 34px; text-align: justify; color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-family: Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, STHeiti, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">22、肥皂,民国后期,李永安在县城南大街建“洋碱厂”,销往邻近各县(据杨金林先生讲述,李永安即杨的外祖父)。</p><p class="f_center" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 34px; margin-bottom: 34px; text-align: center; line-height: 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, STHeiti, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif;"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F0220%2F749c24faj00rqdovg001qc000hs00drg.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg" style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px;"><br style="box-sizing: inherit;"><br style="box-sizing: inherit;"></p><p id="1J193NDC" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 34px; margin-bottom: 34px; text-align: justify; color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-family: Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, STHeiti, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">23、食盐,民国中后期,周禹石开办了食盐采制的盐业公司(据《鹤庆民间文化》一书)。另据采访,建国初期,滇西食盐供求紧张,恒盛公商号曾积极组织货源,解决市场需求。</p><p class="f_center" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 34px; margin-bottom: 34px; text-align: center; line-height: 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, STHeiti, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif;"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F0220%2F3bf90d0fj00rqdovh0014c000hs00cbg.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg" style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px;"><br style="box-sizing: inherit;"><br style="box-sizing: inherit;"></p><p id="1J193NDF" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 34px; margin-bottom: 34px; text-align: justify; color: rgb(64, 64, 64); font-family: Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, STHeiti, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">24、制锁,云南的铜锁,以丽江白沙最为驰名,民国时,有丽江制锁匠人两户移民鹤城,专门制锁,今大井巷和正之、和纯之,财神巷和志伟即是他们的后人。</p><p class="f_center" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 34px; margin-bottom: 34px; text-align: center; line-height: 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, STHeiti, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif;"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F0220%2Ff26b3d3fj00rqdovi001ac000hs00grg.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg" style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px;"><br style="box-sizing: inherit;"></p><p></p>

食品节 发表于 2023-2-22 17:33:53

<div class="post_body" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 18px; line-height: 34px; font-family: Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, STHeiti, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; color: rgb(64, 64, 64); word-break: break-word;"><p id="1J193NDI" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 34px; margin-bottom: 34px; text-align: justify;">25、鞭炮,民国初期,肖玉庭户和刘姓两家由四川迁入鹤庆,传入工艺,主要生产鞭炮、礼花、钻天鼠、烟雾弹等。1994 年,段德桑先生约我去请80岁老人肖金祥(肖玉庭长子,原为丽江中学教师,辞职继承祖业,人称肖火炮)订制烟雾弹,根据他的介绍,能制作喷出不同色彩的烟雾,每筒燃两分多钟,过去演滇戏《李慧娘》,一个钟头的剧燃 20 多个即够。当年,鹤庆表演队三月街演出,在下关游行时,用了烟雾弹,果然一时轰动。</p><p class="f_center" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 34px; margin-bottom: 34px; text-align: center; line-height: 20px; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102);"><img src="https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2023%2F0220%2Fa295b693j00rqdovk001xc000hs00h0g.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg" style="box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px;"><br style="box-sizing: inherit;"><br style="box-sizing: inherit;"></p><p id="1J193NDL" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 34px; margin-bottom: 34px; text-align: justify;">26、皮箱,制皮以太平革皮村最为有名,清末至民国,据彭玉泉老师生前讲述,其祖、父由彭屯迁入菜园,呈规模化的制作皮箱业。他的父亲彭永健(履安)曾一度把皮箱远销香港。</p><p id="1J193NDM" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 34px; margin-bottom: 34px; text-align: justify;">鹤庆八十年前,人生百态,尽现出人世间的各行各业,留给人们无尽的遐想和思考。</p></div><div class="post_statement" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 40px; padding-bottom: 40px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: 22px; font-family: Arial, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, STHeiti, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, &quot;Microsoft Yahei&quot;, &quot;WenQuanYi Micro Hei&quot;, sans-serif; color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"><span class="bg" style="box-sizing: inherit; display: block; width: 670px; height: 20px; background: url(&quot;data:image/png;base64,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&quot;) 0% 0% / 7px 9px repeat-x;"></span><p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 6px;">特别声明:以上内容(如有图片或视频亦包括在内)为自媒体平台“网易号”用户上传并发布,本平台仅提供信息存储服务。</p></div><p></p>
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